I think the system itself could go well for an earth based setting, perhaps without an actual need for modifications for a -huge- amount of things with the system, or even many.
My idea(s) are 1, a setting where several 'Supracountries' (See, Regional Unions IE; EU, AU, USAN), become more and more like supernations, and come closer and closer to a head, likely over a new technology created.
My other idea is actually a space based one, which uses the 'Earth was hit by something extraterrestrial', but those things were several starships, which had been battling and had an accident, before crashing in several parts of the earth, leading to tensions & border disputes between nations as a 'new space race' begins, and ends. Instead of being 'several centuries after colonization', it would be during the opening stages of colonization of both Sol planets, and similar starsystems within range of the newly discovered, reverse engineered, and currently being feverishly studied, technologies.